Week 2: intro p.vi-vii; Nationality guide for your country; p.1-29 Week 3: Sound p.30-40; phrasing p.54-58; Miracle p.65-66 Week 4: Phrasal verbs p.41; Grammar p. 99-100 Week 5: Work linking p.45-53 (focus on rule 1,3&4); Reduced sounds p.89-97 Week 6: p.23-31; p.59-64; p.67-74; p.106-107 Week 7: American R p.75-80; El p.81-88 (specifically 6-7, 6-11, 6-12)

A Training Method

Read aloud journal titles, article titles, authors, key words, and abstracts.

Sound

Vowels: to be lazier

• For -ate, like “graduate”, as verb it is /ˈɡrædʒuˌeɪt/, but /ˈɡrædʒuɪt/ as noun or adjective
  • Adj: appropriate, associate, moderate
  • Noun: an estimate, duplicate, predicate
• “Methodologically,” pronounce as /kəl.i/ not “-koli”; in contrast to “methodological” as /-kl/

Consonants

Schwa /ə/

Only in unstressed syllables. Any vowel that is unstressed can become schwa.

E.g.,

• “ay” in chase but /ə/ in purchase;
• “ay” in trait but /ə/ in portrait;
• photograph and photography (notice that both “a” are unstressed but only the latter one becomes schwa)

Reduction

I could have → I could’ve (think of it as /could of/) → “coulda” /ə/ (informal)

Same for should’ve and would’ve

Should not have → “shouldna” /ən ə/